Nepal — Office of Company Registrar Online Company Registration, Private Ekal (Single-Shareholder) Company

This file is the source-review record for this document version, per the manual-source-review-v1 practice.

Current claim

• status: draft
• verification.method: manual-source-review-v1
• verification.lastVerifiedAt: 2026-07-15

Why this schema and why now (GOV-3078)

GOV-3078 ("GovSchema Standard Research") is the same recurring research-cycle issue as GOV-2167/GOV-3026/GOV-3045/GOV-3049/GOV-3062/GOV-3066. This cycle opened with the prior GOV-3062/GOV-3066 cycles' own delegated work already fully landed (Pakistan opened as the 57th jurisdiction, Israel as the 58th). No unclaimed child issues were open from those cycles, so this cycle re-scanned CATALOG.md's "Known Gaps & Opportunities" and "Genuinely open, well-sourced candidates (new jurisdictions)" sections fresh and dispatched three parallel scouting passes: (1) Pakistan's three remaining unscreened verticals (Passport, Taxes, Visa), (2) Israel's three remaining unscreened verticals (Business Formation, Passport, Visa), and (3) fresh candidate jurisdictions beyond the registry's current 58.

All three scouting passes came back with strong, independently-verified leads:

• Pakistan — Taxes: FBR's "Manual Return" workbook for individuals (Tax Year 2024), a genuine multi-sheet .xlsx with real coded fields, found at download1.fbr.gov.pk and downloadable directly from fbr.gov.pk/income-tax-return-form/51147/131234. Pakistan's Passport (dgip.gov.pk) and Visa (visa.nadra.gov.pk) verticals were both re-confirmed dead ends this same pass (Passport: the only static forms are citizenship/naturalization forms, not the MRP application, which is submitted exclusively through an Akamai-WAF-gated subdomain; Visa: the live POVS portal's own downloadable guides are pure screenshot-navigation walkthroughs with zero extractable field labels).
• Israel — Business Formation: Form 1 (טופס 1), "Application for Company Registration," a native fillable .doc (154 FORMTEXT + 19 FORMCHECKBOX fields with Hebrew tooltip labels) at gov.il/BlobFolder/servicequestionnaire/company_registration/he/..., with a "Sole Company" simplified companion template already identified for a future single-member cycle. Israel's Passport (Form DR/1, 50 numbered fields) and Visa (MFA's tourist-visa application form) were also both independently confirmed strong, unauthenticated, genuine sources this same pass — good secondary candidates for a future cycle.
• New jurisdictions: of three jurisdictions screened (Georgia, Ukraine, Nepal), Nepal produced the strongest, most directly citable candidate — the Office of Company Registrar's own official, unauthenticated, field-by-field "New Company Registration" user manual — while Georgia's .gov.ge portals are client-rendered SPAs needing a future browser-tooling pass, and Ukraine's .gov.ua estate is broadly Cloudflare/Akamai-WAF-gated (a wartime security posture, confirmed on both the MFA visa PDF and the Tax Service's individuals page) and is recommended for deprioritization until a non-gated subdomain is found.

Given three strong leads and a one-cycle authoring budget, this cycle authored the new-jurisdiction candidate (Nepal) — the registry's charter prioritizes global jurisdiction coverage, and Nepal's source is the most directly author-ready of the three (a genuine field-by-field walkthrough, versus IL Form 1's much larger 154+19-field surface and PK's multi-sheet coded-return workbook, both of which merit their own dedicated authoring cycle). Israel's Business Formation/Passport/Visa findings and Pakistan's Taxes finding are delegated as fully-sourced child issues of this cycle rather than authored inline — see the parent issue's child-issue links.

Source

• URL: https://application.ocr.gov.np/resources/Manual/New%20Registration.pdf
• Retrieved: 2026-07-15, HTTP 200, Content-Type: application/pdf, Content-Length: 3272267, Last-Modified: Wed, 14 May 2025 17:07:16 GMT.
• sha256: 3ef9b2d5152c96d03e004432a39bdfc4e5af100e1ee2ad6875911afed46159f8
• Fetched directly with curl (the -k flag was needed only because the local CA bundle in this environment is missing an intermediate certificate for application.ocr.gov.np — this is a TLS-chain quirk of the fetching environment, not a login/CAPTCHA/WAF gate on the source itself: no authentication or challenge was presented at any point).
• Genuine 28-page text-layer PDF (not a scanned image), confirmed via pdfjs-dist's getTextContent() returning real, non-empty extracted text on every page.
• The manual itself documents an online e-service (camis.ocr.gov.np / ocr.gov.np/CRO) that requires a user account to actually submit a registration — but the manual describing that service's fields is itself freely downloadable with no login/CAPTCHA/WAF gate, the same manual-as-source pattern already established for several other schemas in this registry (e.g. Indonesia's M-Paspor and e-Visa guides, GOV-1567/ GOV-1574/GOV-1581).

Extraction method and column-order check

All 28 pages were extracted with pdfjs-dist's getTextContent() and concatenated in reading order for an initial read. Because a prior cycle's Hebrew-RTL schema (Israel Form 1301, GOV-3066) was caught misreading a field order due to naive linear text-stream extraction, this cycle additionally re-extracted the seven most field-dense pages (14–20, covering Company Details, Branch Details, Capital Details, Company Share Holder Details, and Witness Details) with each text item's own (x, y) transform coordinates preserved, grouped into rows by y and sorted by x within each row. The result confirmed a genuine single-column layout with no interleaved-column scrambling — the original linear extraction was already correct, and every field list transcribed into schema.json was cross-checked against this coordinate-aware re-extraction before being finalized.

Scoping decisions

• Company Type — "Private Ekal" only. The manual's own Capital Structure walkthrough (Figure 32) illustrates only the "Private Ekal" (single- shareholder private) company type; the dropdown's other option labels are never printed in the source. companyType is modeled as a single-value enum (PRIVATE_EKAL) rather than a free-text or multi-option dropdown, to avoid fabricating unseen option labels.
• Exactly one shareholder, Person type only. The Company Share Holder Details step is a genuinely open-ended repeating dialogue (a user can invoke "Add Company Share Holder" any number of times, and can choose either "Person" or "Company" as the shareholder type). Since GovSchema's repeating-group proposal (GSP-0009) is not yet accepted into v0.3, this version models exactly one shareholder, using the "Person" sub-form (the "Company" shareholder-type sub-form, Figure 42, is out of scope for a future cycle).
• Exactly one branch (optional). Branch Details (Step 2) is optional and independently repeatable ("if you wish to add more branches, repeat the same process"); this version models at most one branch as four independent optional fields.
• Exactly one witness. The manual's own worked example under Witness Details describes a dynamic "No. of Witness Person" count control that adds rows on demand ("if you want to add another 3 witness... three rows will be added"). No minimum witness count is printed anywhere in the source. This version models exactly one witness (the bounded minimum), disclosed here rather than fabricating a specific legal minimum this source does not state.
• shareholderGender is free text, not an enum — the source's own "Select Gender" instruction supplies no printed option list, matching the precedent set for Pakistan's SECP Form-1 schema (GOV-3062).
• shareholderType enum includes "Jurisdiction" verbatim. Figure 38's own caption lists four Share Holder Type options: Director, Founder, Shareowner, Jurisdiction. The first three are natural-person roles; "Jurisdiction" does not obviously fit alongside them, and no other part of the source manual clarifies its intended meaning. It is transcribed exactly as printed rather than omitted, reinterpreted, or silently dropped — a future cycle with a corroborating source (e.g. the live portal itself, or Nepal's Companies Act, 2063) should revisit this if a clearer meaning surfaces.
• documents[] has exactly one, optional, generic entry. Step 6 ("Document Details") is a generic file-upload utility; unlike, for example, Pakistan's SECP Form-1 (which prints a numbered Enclosures list naming specific required documents), this manual names no specific document types at all. Modeling one optional supporting-evidence entry reflects exactly what the source documents, without fabricating specific document names it does not print.
• Telephone/Fax/Email/Address are all required. The manual's own Company Details step groups these four together explicitly: "You have to fill other required details in the Company Details form which includes Telephone No, Fax No, Company Email and Company Address" — taken at face value rather than assuming Fax is conventionally optional.
• The Name Reservation Request Form's own preceding account-creation/login steps (Sections 2.1–2.2) are portal-access mechanics, not registration data, and are excluded from fields[].

Verticals also screened this cycle, not authored

• Nepal — DMV: driving-licence issuance is fully gated behind applydlnew.dotm.gov.np's quota-based online portal; dotm.gov.np has no discoverable static form or manual. Confirmed dead end this cycle.
• Nepal — Taxes: PAN registration is a pure online e-form via taxpayerportal.ird.gov.np, national-ID-linked auto-populate, no static form or manual found. Confirmed dead end this cycle.
• Nepal — Passport: the Department of Passports' MRP Offline Application Form (verification1.nepalpassport.gov.np) is a genuine, strong AcroForm PDF (337 text-field widgets on a single page), but every widget uses a flat, semantically meaningless internal naming scheme (sur1..sur337) rather than one field per named datum — the ~27 logical fields would need to be reconstructed from widget geometry and label proximity, meaningfully more effort than this manual. Left as strong, disclosed backlog for a dedicated future cycle.

Conformance

An ephemeral, from-scratch conformance checker (deriving required/ requiredWhen/enum rules directly from this schema's own fields[]/ documents[], discarded after use, not committed) ran the following fixtures in conformance/np/ocr/company-registration-private-ekal/1.0.0/:

• valid-private-ekal-nepali-director.json (a Private Ekal company with a Nepali-citizen sole shareholder acting as Director) — 0 errors.
• mutation-control-missing-required-field.json (drops companyNameEnglish) — exactly 1 error.
• mutation-control-invalid-enum-company-type.json (sets companyType to PRIVATE_MULTI, not in the enum) — exactly 1 error.
• mutation-control-invalid-enum-shareholder-type.json (sets shareholderType to CHAIRMAN, not in the enum) — exactly 1 error.
• mutation-control-requiredwhen-foreigner-missing-passport.json (sets shareholderIsForeigner to true, drops the citizen-branch fields, and does not supply shareholderPassportNumber) — exactly 1 error.
• mutation-control-requiredwhen-citizen-missing-citizenship-number.json (drops shareholderCitizenshipNumber while shareholderIsForeigner remains false) — exactly 1 error.

This schema has no type: date fields (so no invalid-date-format fixture applies) and its sole documents[] entry is optional rather than required (so no missing-required-document fixture applies).

Structural validation

• node tools/validate.mjs registry/np/ocr/company-registration-private-ekal/1.0.0/schema.json — ok.
• node tools/validate-ajv.mjs registry/np/ocr/company-registration-private-ekal/1.0.0/schema.json (ajv 2020-12 against spec/v0.3) — ok.
• Full-registry re-run after adding this document: node tools/validate.mjs → 465/465; node tools/validate-ajv.mjs → 465/465.
• npm run build-index re-run in tools/govschema-client/ to regenerate registry-index.json with this document included.

Maturity

structural-reference: the source manual's own printed field descriptions are fully transcribed from the genuine, currently-served official user guide, but no live filing through OCR's camis.ocr.gov.np e-Services portal was attempted (it requires a registered account). GovSchema is an independent, non-profit standards body and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or operated by the Government of Nepal or the Office of Company Registrar.