{
  "$schema": "https://govschema.org/spec/v0.3/govschema.schema.json",
  "govschemaVersion": "0.3.0",
  "id": "in/morth/vehicle-ownership-transfer",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "title": "India Vehicle Ownership Transfer",
  "description": "Report and register the transfer of ownership of a private, non-transport motor vehicle sold by one individual to another, under Rule 55 of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 (giving effect to section 50 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988). The transferor (seller) reports the sale on Form 29, and the transferee (buyer) applies for the transfer to be recorded on Form 30; both are submitted together to the Regional Transport Office (RTO) that is the registering authority, in person or through each state's instance of the Parivahan/VAHAN online portal. Models an ordinary, individual-to-individual sale of a car or two-wheeler that stays registered with the same registering authority. It does not model: a transfer where the vehicle is to be kept in a different state or RTO jurisdiction, which additionally requires a no-objection certificate under section 48 (Rule 55(3)) or an equivalent declaration; transfer to a company, dealer, auction purchaser, or on the death of the registered owner (Form 31, a different process); transport/commercial vehicles (which also require an enclosed certificate of fitness); or vehicle registration itself (Form 20, a separate process, out of scope). It does not submit the application; the live Parivahan/VAHAN portal and the applicant's RTO are always authoritative — see VERIFICATION.md.",
  "status": "draft",
  "jurisdiction": {
    "country": "IN",
    "level": "national"
  },
  "authority": {
    "name": "Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, through the state Regional Transport Offices (RTOs), under the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989",
    "abbreviation": "MoRTH",
    "url": "https://parivahan.gov.in"
  },
  "process": {
    "type": "amendment",
    "language": "en-IN"
  },
  "source": {
    "url": "https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CG_61_1084_00001_00001_1554966634246&type=rule&filename=the_central_motor_vehicles_rules%2C_1989.pdf",
    "retrievedAt": "2026-07-04",
    "documentRef": "Rule 55, Form 29 [See Rule 55(1)] and Form 30 [See Rule 55(2) and (3)], Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989"
  },
  "verification": {
    "method": "manual-source-review-v1",
    "lastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-04",
    "verifiedBy": "GovSchema Engineering (Standards Engineer)",
    "nextReviewBy": "2027-01-01",
    "notes": "Source-derived reference schema authored directly from the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 as consolidated and republished by indiacode.nic.in, the Government of India's official legislative repository (fetched directly, HTTP 200, genuine %PDF binary, text-extracted with pdfjs-dist getTextContent grouped by y-coordinate; morth.nic.in/morth.gov.in's own copies of the rule chapters now 301-redirect to an Angular SPA shell that returns no static PDF at the historical CMVR-chapter*_1.pdf paths, so the indiacode.nic.in consolidated text was used instead). Rule 55's text (page 63) and the full printed text of Form 29 (page 313) and Form 30 (pages 314-315) were read directly, not summarized from a third party. The live parivahan.gov.in/VAHAN transactional portal for the 'Transfer of Ownership' e-service was not reached (state-instance, login-gated, no public test/sandbox mode), consistent with this registry's treatment of in/morth/learners-licence-application. Status remains 'draft' pending a live-portal, state-instance field-by-field pass."
  },
  "maturity": {
    "level": "structural-reference",
    "criteria": {
      "structuralReference": true,
      "verifiedSchema": false,
      "agentReadySchema": false,
      "executionTestedSchema": false
    },
    "method": "maturity-self-assessment-v1",
    "assertedBy": "GovSchema Engineering (Standards Engineer)",
    "assertedAt": "2026-07-04"
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "fields": [
    {
      "name": "vehicleRegistrationMark",
      "label": "Vehicle registration mark",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "description": "The vehicle's registration number (registration mark), as recorded on its certificate of registration.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'sold and delivered my/our Vehicle No.'; Form 30 Part II — 'registration mark'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 20 }
    },
    {
      "name": "vehicleMake",
      "label": "Vehicle make",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'make'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 60 }
    },
    {
      "name": "vehicleChassisOrEngineNumber",
      "label": "Chassis number (or engine/motor number for battery-operated vehicles)",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "description": "The vehicle's chassis number, or its engine/motor number where the vehicle is a Battery Operated Vehicle.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'Chassis No. [Engine number or motor number in the case of Battery Operated Vehicles]'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 40 }
    },
    {
      "name": "saleDate",
      "label": "Date the vehicle was sold and delivered",
      "type": "date",
      "required": true,
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'have on the...day of the year...sold and delivered my/our Vehicle'; Form 30 Part I — 'sold my/our motor vehicle...on this...day of the year'",
      "description": "dd/mm/yyyy on the source forms; represented here as YYYY-MM-DD."
    },
    {
      "name": "transferorName",
      "label": "Transferor (seller) — name",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'I/We...resident of'; Form 30 Part I — 'Name of the transferor'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 150 }
    },
    {
      "name": "transferorRelationType",
      "label": "Transferor — Son/Wife/Daughter of — relation",
      "type": "enum",
      "required": true,
      "description": "Which relation the following name field names.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 30 Part I — 'Son/Wife/Daughter of'",
      "validation": { "enum": ["son", "wife", "daughter"] }
    },
    {
      "name": "transferorRelatedPersonName",
      "label": "Transferor — Father's/Husband's name",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "description": "Full name of the person identified by transferorRelationType.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 30 Part I — 'Son/Wife/Daughter of'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 150 }
    },
    {
      "name": "transferorAddress",
      "label": "Transferor — resident of / full address",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "description": "The transferor's full residential address, as printed in free-form ruled lines on the source form (not broken into named sub-fields there).",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'resident of'; Form 30 Part I — 'Full Address'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 400 }
    },
    {
      "name": "vehicleUnderHirePurchaseLeaseOrHypothecation",
      "label": "Is the vehicle held under an agreement of hire-purchase, lease, or hypothecation?",
      "type": "boolean",
      "required": true,
      "fieldRole": "eligibility",
      "description": "Form 29 records the sale as being made 'under an agreement of hire purchase/lease/hypothecation with...' where applicable, and Form 30 requires the financier's consent and specimen signature in that case. Where true, financierName and the financier's consent/specimen-signature step apply.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — '...under an agreement of hire purchase/lease/hypothecation with...'; Form 30 — 'CONSENT OF THE FINANCIER IN THE CASE OF MOTOR VEHICLE SUBJECT TO AN AGREEMENT OF HIRE-PURCHASE/LEASE/HYPOTHECATION'"
    },
    {
      "name": "financierName",
      "label": "Financier — full name and address",
      "type": "string",
      "required": false,
      "requiredWhen": { "field": "vehicleUnderHirePurchaseLeaseOrHypothecation", "equals": true },
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — hire-purchase/lease/hypothecation blank; Form 30 — 'Full name and address of the Financier'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 300 }
    },
    {
      "name": "registrationAndInsuranceCertificatesHandedOver",
      "label": "Declaration: the Registration Certificate and Insurance Certificate have been handed over to the transferee",
      "type": "boolean",
      "required": true,
      "fieldRole": "eligibility",
      "eligibleValues": [true],
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'The Registration Certificate and Insurance Certificate have been handed over to him/her/them'",
      "description": "Rule 55(2) additionally requires the transferee's Form 30 application to be accompanied by the certificate of registration and the certificate of insurance; see the documents array."
    },
    {
      "name": "transferorNotSuperdariDeclaration",
      "label": "Transferor declaration: vehicle is not superdari and free from all encumbrances",
      "type": "boolean",
      "required": true,
      "fieldRole": "eligibility",
      "eligibleValues": [true],
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'the vehicle is not superdari and free from all encumbrances and information furnished is true'",
      "description": "'Superdari' is an Indian court term for a vehicle released into interim custody pending litigation (e.g. as case property); the transferor attests the vehicle is not under such an order and carries no encumbrance."
    },
    {
      "name": "transfereeName",
      "label": "Transferee (buyer) — name",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'Shri/Smt...(Name)'; Form 30 Part II — 'Name of the Transferee'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 150 }
    },
    {
      "name": "transfereeRelationType",
      "label": "Transferee — Son/Wife/Daughter of — relation",
      "type": "enum",
      "required": true,
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'Son/Wife/Daughter of'; Form 30 Part II — 'Son/Wife/Daughter of'",
      "validation": { "enum": ["son", "wife", "daughter"] }
    },
    {
      "name": "transfereeRelatedPersonName",
      "label": "Transferee — Father's/Husband's name",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "description": "Full name of the person identified by transfereeRelationType.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'Son/Wife/Daughter of'; Form 30 Part II — 'Son/Wife/Daughter of'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 150 }
    },
    {
      "name": "transfereeAge",
      "label": "Transferee — age",
      "type": "integer",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "sourceRef": "Form 30 Part II — 'Age'",
      "validation": { "minimum": 18, "maximum": 120 }
    },
    {
      "name": "transfereeAddress",
      "label": "Transferee — residing at / full address",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "classification": "pii",
      "description": "The transferee's full address, as printed in free-form ruled lines on the source form (not broken into named sub-fields there). Form 30 Part II notes proof of this address must be enclosed — see the documents array.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 29 — 'residing at...(House No./Street/Village/Town/Distt. And State)'; Form 30 Part II — 'Full address...(Proof of address to be enclosed)'",
      "validation": { "minLength": 1, "maxLength": 400 }
    },
    {
      "name": "transfereeNotSuperdariDeclaration",
      "label": "Transferee declaration: vehicle is not superdari and free from all encumbrances",
      "type": "boolean",
      "required": true,
      "fieldRole": "eligibility",
      "eligibleValues": [true],
      "sourceRef": "Form 30 Part II — 'The vehicle is not superdari and free from all encumbrances'"
    }
  ],
  "documents": [
    {
      "id": "certificateOfRegistration",
      "label": "Certificate of registration",
      "category": "identity-document",
      "required": true,
      "belongsTo": "applicant",
      "sourceRef": "Rule 55(2)(i); Form 30 Part II — 'certificate of registration...which is enclosed'"
    },
    {
      "id": "certificateOfInsurance",
      "label": "Certificate of insurance",
      "category": "supporting-evidence",
      "required": true,
      "belongsTo": "applicant",
      "sourceRef": "Rule 55(2)(ii); Form 30 Part II — 'The certificate of Insurance is also enclosed'"
    },
    {
      "id": "transfereeProofOfAddress",
      "label": "Transferee — proof of address",
      "category": "supporting-evidence",
      "required": true,
      "belongsTo": "applicant",
      "sourceRef": "Form 30 Part II — 'Full address...(Proof of address to be enclosed)'"
    },
    {
      "id": "financierConsentAndSpecimenSignature",
      "label": "Financier's consent and specimen signature",
      "category": "attestation",
      "required": false,
      "requiredWhen": { "field": "vehicleUnderHirePurchaseLeaseOrHypothecation", "equals": true },
      "belongsTo": "responsible-party",
      "statement": "The financier's signed consent to the transfer of ownership of the vehicle, plus specimen signatures of the financier and the registered owner for the Registering Authority to attest against Forms 23 and 24.",
      "sourceRef": "Form 30 — 'CONSENT OF THE FINANCIER...' and 'Specimen signature or thumb impression of the registered owner and the Financier'"
    },
    {
      "id": "transferFee",
      "label": "Vehicle ownership transfer fee",
      "category": "payment",
      "required": true,
      "belongsTo": "applicant",
      "sourceRef": "Rule 55(2)(iii); Rule 81 fee schedule. Amount not encoded as a fixed field value since fees are set by rule, vary by vehicle class, and can change over time, consistent with in/morth/learners-licence-application's fee convention."
    }
  ],
  "steps": [
    {
      "id": "vehicle_and_sale_details",
      "title": "Vehicle and sale details",
      "fields": ["vehicleRegistrationMark", "vehicleMake", "vehicleChassisOrEngineNumber", "saleDate"],
      "next": "transferor_declaration"
    },
    {
      "id": "transferor_declaration",
      "title": "Transferor's (seller's) notice of transfer — Form 29 / Form 30 Part I",
      "fields": [
        "transferorName", "transferorRelationType", "transferorRelatedPersonName", "transferorAddress",
        "vehicleUnderHirePurchaseLeaseOrHypothecation", "financierName",
        "registrationAndInsuranceCertificatesHandedOver", "transferorNotSuperdariDeclaration"
      ],
      "next": "transferee_application"
    },
    {
      "id": "transferee_application",
      "title": "Transferee's (buyer's) application for transfer — Form 30 Part II",
      "fields": [
        "transfereeName", "transfereeRelationType", "transfereeRelatedPersonName",
        "transfereeAge", "transfereeAddress", "transfereeNotSuperdariDeclaration"
      ],
      "next": "documents_and_fee"
    },
    {
      "id": "documents_and_fee",
      "title": "Enclose documents, financier consent (if applicable), and pay the fee",
      "fields": []
    }
  ]
}